Quartz Crystal: A circuit element having a very stable Mode of Oscillation characteristic composed of quartz.
Holder: The package that the crystal is enclosed within.
Mode: A crystal operates in either a series or parallel mode.
Series Mode: The crystal appears resistive in the circuit when operating at series resonance.
Parallel Mode: The crystal appears inductive in the circuit when operating at parallel resonance.
Calibration Tolerance: The frequency of the crystal at a specified temperature (typically +25°C).
Temperature Stability: The frequency deviation of the crystal over the operating temperature range.
Aging: The frequency change which results from permanent changes in the crystal over time.
Load Capacitance: The specified capacitance of a crystal that a circuit must be for the crystal to be on frequency.
Motional Capacitance: The parameter that affects the ability of the crystal to change frequency with changes in load capacitance.
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR): The resistance of the crystal with a series load capacitance.
Drive Level: The measure of power dissipated within the crystal.
Crystal Cut: The properties of a crystal are very dependent upon the way that the crystal is cut with reference to it's internal crystalline planes.
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Quartz Crystal Equivalent Circuit

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